The dark side of eco-friendly agave

A common fencing material in rural areas known as agave fiber/ sisal or henequen (venecular language referred to as “Masharamhanda”) has become a silent killer, posing a significant threat to cattle health and farmers’ livelihoods.

Agave fiber is a natural plant-based material extracted from the leaves of various agave species such as Agave sisalana and Agave fourcroydes. It is a biodegradable and eco-friendly material that has found application in a wide range of products including traditional rope and twine, modern home furnishings, carpets, rugs, mats, decorative items, functional items and paper products.

In an exclusive interview with AfroGazette News, local veterinary, Thamsanqa Mpunzi shared valuable insights on the potential health risks associated with cattle consuming agave fibers.

“The consumption of agave fibers by cattle is a grave concern that warrants immediate attention. The saponins present in agave pose a significant threat to cattle health, triggering severe gastrointestinal irritation that can lead to persistent vomiting, diarrhoea and potentially life-threatening complications.”

“Furthermore, these toxic compounds interfere with nutrient absorption, leading to malnutrition, compromised immune systems, liver damage, respiratory issues and increased susceptibility to diseases through prolonged exposure”.

Mpunzi explained that cattle consume agave fibers primarily due to hunger and additional factors.

“Cattle consume fibers primarily due to hunger resulting from drought or depleted grazing areas which is worsened by inadequate pasture management and supplementation. This combination leads to nutritional deficiencies, making cattle more vulnerable to exploring non-nutritive sources, including toxic plants.”

He advised farmers to consult a local veterinarians upon detecting signs of illness in their cattle and replace agave fencing with safer options.

“Promptly consult a local veterinarian if you notice signs of illness and consider replacing agave fencing with non-toxic wood alternatives. This will help prevent nutritional deficiencies and toxicity in your cattle.”

Agave is naturalized in various parts of the world with several countries cultivating it for fiber production including Mexico, Kenya, Tanzania, Brazil, China and Madagascar. Brazil accounts for over 80% of global agave fiber production, making it the largest producer worldwide.